Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload evenly across two or more servers, network links, or other resources, in order to get optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize response time, and avoid overload. Using multiple components with load balancing, instead of a single component, may increase reliability through redundancy.

The load balancer intercepts the incoming traffic and shares it across the available or ISP links. By doing this the load balancer enables traffic to flow through multiple devices and respond as if they were a single device or server. This in turn means that more simultaneous requests can be handled. The load balancing process is completely transparent to any users. 

There are multiple benefits to load balancing. Using Server Load Blancing as an example: becasue the load is distributed across multiple servers the service being provided can be highly available. That is if one of the servers break down the load can still be handled by the other servers. A second benefit is scalability. This means that if the load increases substantially more servers can be added behind the load balancer in order to cope with the increased load. The same concept is applicable to ISP Load Balancing.